How to determine the stage of varicose veins?

Comfortable gait, long without fatigue even wearing beautiful high heels, ankles and hips that you don't want to hide from others - those are the benefits of a healthy pair of feet with no signsof venous disease. Gradually, the way and rhythm of life changes if one neglects the prevention of varicose veins.

This is true for both men and women. The disease develops in many different ways and the stages of varicose veins in medicine about the problem of awareness in a patient are always controversial. But you need to understand the classification so that you do not miss the time of treatment for varicose veins without surgery.

The nature of the problem

Varicose veins are a disorder of the blood flow in the hemispherical veins. Due to problems with venous valves, where parts of the blood must be held to travel further to the heart, plasma flows in the opposite direction and becomes stagnant.

The pressure cannot push blood through the veins of the lower extremities, causing the walls to stretch. On the legs, blue stripes and zigzags gradually appear, adding blisters and bulging in the heavy stage.

But varicose veins are not immediately noticeable. The problem can progress without visual symptoms and therefore those who feel discomfort in their legs but do not find protruding veins claim the discomfort is due to fatigue.

Varicose veins do not happen on their own as a separate disease. This is just a symptom of dysfunction of the entire circulatory system, appearing even in a young age. It is wrong to take varicose veins of the lower extremities as a sign of old age. Many 20-year-old girls hide their legs under trousers and long skirts due to varicose veins.

There are many reasons for the circulatory system to malfunction:

• Inherited from parents. If the mother (the most common) or the father has problems with blood flow from the legs to the heart, the child should conduct examination and prevention of the vascular and venous systems. But genetics does not work in all cases, if there is no motivating factor - sedentary lifestyle or a lot of standing due to the characteristics of the profession, nutrition imbalance, the disease has complications;
• Eliminate the rules of technical leave when working in certain areas of work where there is heavy load on the legs but no movement (hairdresser, sales specialist, accountant, reporter, driver) Warm your feet every 30 minutes to prevent blood from stagnant;
• Certain health problems affecting blood vessels and veins - diabetes, heart disorders, trauma to the legs, spine, obesity;
• Pregnancy for many women is the driving force behind the first symptoms of varicose veins. The embryo not only increases the weight of the future mother, puts stress on the legs, but also puts pressure on the internal organs and the living system of the pregnant woman.

Varicose veins are a serious sign of unresolved internal problems, but at least standard examination by a specialist is required.

Different stages of development of venous insufficiency

Despite the fact that human veins are not only located in the legs but all over the body, the varicose veins of the lower extremities are more common. Both women and men have this disease, but the percentage is greater than in half of the beautiful population.

There are several stages of varicose veins, classified according to their severity.The division is conditional, so that the attending physician can diagnose and know which treatment regimen will prescribe to the patient when there is a specific complaint.

Among medical professionals, there are several ways of classifying the stages of varicose veins. The international community distinguishes seven stages of varicose veins, drawing a line within the narrow set of symptoms. But in fact, varicose veins are diagnosed according to 3 stages of disease classification:

• First degree (compensatory stage) - a predetermined decrease in blood flow from the legs to the heart predetermined by lifestyle or genetics, but the patient has time for venous valveback to normal function. Symptoms of varicose veins in the early stages are mild and are not taken seriously;
• Second degree (compensatory) - there are visual signs of venous insufficiency, difficult to confuse with other changes. Leg discomfort disappears after a long period of rest or is accompanied by a persistent person. At this stage, the patient usually seeks the help of a doctor. Vascular and venous changes are significant, but may relieve tension and pain from the lower extremities;
• The third degree (decompensated) is the final stage of varicose veins, when the thin walls of the circulatory system begin to rupture due to excess blood. The skin tissues get no nutrition and they die. Developing skin ulcers are difficult to treat. In some cases, at 3 degrees of varicose veins, bacteria join the sores. Settling the patient's condition requires time, effort, and complex therapy.

The listed stage of varicose veins is a conditional division. In each group of varicose veins, there was a mild, moderate, and severe degree of disease, as determined by the symptoms described by the patient at the reception. Based on the fact that the pathology of the vein is individual in each case, the transition from one stage to the next is negligible, especially in the first and second degree cases.

Characteristics of the early stage of the disease

Varicose veins

1 degree are diagnosed by doctors in rare cases, because people do not see a doctor when short or severe edema develops in the legs. Folk remedies help them to reduce fatigue, go away with puffiness on their own after sleeping or change high heels to slippers. Varicose veins of the first degree in many people do not change to old age, if there is no stimulus.

Vascular system changes occur not only in adults, but also in modern adolescents who lack mobility and prefer to use computers, phones and devices. other for active entertainment.

Only the arms and the brain can be exercised, the rest of the body does not change position for long. Blood circulation slows down, especially in the lower part of the skeleton. Knees are bent, muscles, veins and blood vessels in the thighs and buttocks are crushed, resulting in stagnation.

Teenagers often complain of leg pain and cramps. In some cases, edema is visible, especially when overweight. Grade 1 varicose veins have no obvious symptoms, but their early stage and progression depend only on the child's or parental interest in themselves.

Teen girls choose uncomfortable heels to try to get attention. Pressure in the veins of the lower extremities increases and leads to the initial degree of pathology. The inability to stand and move on high heels deforms the foot, increasing the load on the spine and leg bones, and hip joints. The curves negatively affect the circuits as they are compressed.

The initial degree of varicose veins in a young person is not alarming, as symptoms disappear after a little rest or warm-up. Signs of Grade 1 varicose veins are as follows:

1. Heavy feet even when not physically active;
2. Light puffiness on the second half of the day, when the feet are too small to fit in the shoe or if the edges could be ingrained. This symptom should go away in the morning if the foot is rested or a procedure to reduce swelling and muscle tension - the upright position of the lower limb, foot bath, massage, uncomfortable shoe change;
3. Short-term seizures in rare cases.

In rare cases, with first-degree varicose veins, external signs of venous pathology appear - thin veins or strained network of blood vessels due to reduced blood flow.

It is difficult to diagnose the early stage of the pathology on your own, as the symptoms listed are observed in other diseases, eg diabetes, kidney problems. For diagnosis and treatment, you should see your doctor at the first sign of discomfort.

Varicose veins are not only localized in the legs and the first stage can be omitted if there is no change in the lower extremities.

Level 2 feature

The initial stage of venous disease without treatment or prophylaxis, after a while, will transition to the compensatory phase. Symptoms of grade 1 varicose veins are more frequent and persistent.

Outward changes that appear on the skin - swollen veins or a large number of spider veins. At night and during the day, cramping occurs, the patient feels pain and cannot move their legs. With the hardware examination of the veins of the lower extremities, changes in the valve activity are observed.

The pressure in the pulse increases, but it is difficult to push the blood without closing the valve. Blood stasis forms, which appears on the skin as green nodules.

1. One symptom of stage 2 venous insufficiency is swelling that does not go away after rest and preventive procedures. Edema occurs because blood cannot go up through a vein, and hemodynamic is impaired. The liquid portion of the blood (plasma) begins to seep under the skin through the thin walls of the veins and small vessels, due to impaired transport function;
2. Change in skin color due to poor circulation and nutrient absorption. The cells of the epidermis are brown, gradually turning black. Inflammation develops and results in an early stage of ulcer formation;
3. Patients who see a doctor in stage 2 of the disease complain of severe pain, muscle numbness, and skin itching. Symptoms are due to lack of adequate nutrition for the cells of the epidermis.

Compensation of varicose veins is not considered hopeless if therapy is diagnosed and prescribed in time. If detecting one or more signs of varicose veins disease degree 2, the patient can not self-medicate, but must obey the doctor. Only a doctor can help solve the problem.

Level 3 feature

People reach level 3 of varicose veins if they treat themselves in a disrespectful and disrespectful manner. The early stage of the pathology in rare cases causes discomfort and changes in quality of life, but grade 2 venous insufficiency should not be overlooked with doctor's visit and rehabilitation therapy.

level 3 of the pathology is the most serious and dangerous, because nutritional sores are formed, which do not heal even with drug treatment. In the decompensated phase, the body has exhausted its ability to keep the veins working.

Walls are stretched and thin to the point where there is a risk of breaking in the event of injury. Another problem with grade 3 varicose veins is thrombophlebitis - an obstruction of the veins, the formation of blood clots, which can fall off and lead to death.

Varicose to end-stage in severe cases. The reason for this people's attitude toward themselves is not clear. Suffering from pain, feeling aesthetic discomfort, and not being able to move around easily seems like a strange thing. Timely diagnose the problem and comply with the doctor's recommendations will not let varicose veins pass even 1 pathological stage.

After a detailed review of the classification of venous insufficiency of the lower extremities, it should be noted that varicose veins occur in other parts of the body and internal organs. Such problems are harder to notice, but when a feeling of discomfort in the legs arises, one can also think of venous blood flow disturbances elsewhere.

How to diagnose the disease

For the first sign of discomfort in your legs, you should contact a medical facility. Diagnosis and treatment of venous insufficiency is carried out by a venous physician, but initial consultation is possible from a therapist.

1. A visual inspection of the state of the hardware on the legs, the presence of orthopedic changes and other signs made;
2. Touch problem areas not only in the legs but also in the groin and abdomen;
3. Patient complaints are heard;
4. A detailed medical history compiled in the form of a survey interview. Questions focused on determining the cause have become the starting point in developing varicose veins;

5. Referral is required for general blood and urine testing to determine the patient's general health;
6. Functional tests to determine the degree of varicose veins (Schwarz, Perthes, single test);
7. In the case of varicose veins, conduct a hardware examination of the condition of the veins and the condition of the venous valves - double-sided ultrasound (DUS), pleural, pulmonary, angiogramblood.

After performing all diagnostic measures of varicose veins and determining the degree of varicose veins, preventive treatment, conservative treatment, treatment with alternative methods and in the fieldIn severe cases, surgical interventions, laser pathological removal are indicated.

How to cope with varying degrees of venous dysfunction

Seeing the sooner the signs of varicose veins, the easier and faster dealing with the problem. The initial stage of the pathology can be completely deactivated without the use of medication if timely prevention is taken:

• Change your rhythm and lifestyle. Often the cause of reduced blood flow in the veins is a sedentary lifestyle or a lot of standing due to occupational activities. Additional exercise is needed to increase hemodynamics and fight high pressure in some areas. With overweight, you should settle its normalization, but gradually;
• Choose comfortable and right footwear. In the event of an orthopedic defect, the shoe is selected to take this into account. High heels are available only on special occasions;
• Give up bad habits that cause problems in the vascular system;
• Lose weight if you are overweight and add load to your legs;
• Choose the right exercise to help blood flow from the legs to the heart.

In the early stages, the doctor prescribes tonics, creams, and oral medications to reduce the load on the venous walls and restore their elasticity. The medical shirt must be individually sewn to reduce tension in the legs.

When external signs appear to be aesthetically uncomfortable, a special preparation (fibrosis therapy) is given intravenously, but this is rare in the early stages.

Stage 2 of varicose veins needs more attention so that the problem does not progress to stage 3. The specificity of eliminating a second degree is similar to treating varicose veins in stagehead. Medications are prescribed to reduce the risk of blood clots, reduce tissue swelling, and restore blood flow.

Class 2 varicose surgery is used when there are obvious skin changes - convex veins, mesh veins, vascular pattern. In the treatment room, radio frequency or laser therapy is performed. Shown including therapy, when external defect disappears in the eye after injection into the problematic injection site.

Compression clothing is required to improve blood flow and reduce stress on the legs.

How to treat Grade 3 varicose varicose veins, when the condition of the veins and tissues is in bad condition and the body is unable to remedy it? Treatment is just surgery to prevent thrombosis, rupture of veins and restore hemodynamic whole body.

Usually involves a vein resection - removing affected vessels. Surgery is performed with a surgical instrument (classical method) or a laser without an incision (modern 3 degree varicose veins treatment).

The course of the disease is complicated by the formation of ulcers that do not heal even with drug treatment. Therefore, a surgeon is indispensable in this period. After successful surgery, a separate course of medication, bandages and medical towels are selected.

Conclusion

Varicose veins is not a harmless cosmetic defect in the legs and other parts of the body, but a serious pathology, related to it, that will transform one's life. people became tortured and had to move around constantly in clinics.

The early stage of varicose veins is inherent in most people, but diagnosis is rarely made because people are unaware of the possible consequences.

If the career activity involves sedentary images or frequent standing with feet, there is a pathological manifestation in a relative, you need to take measures to prevent and eliminate the progression of the disease in the early stages. . Regardless, you may not notice how the veins cause other medical problems.