When it comes to varicose veins, few people associate this disease with internal organs. More often, the pathology of the lower extremities is combined with it. Meanwhile, the rate of pelvic varicose veins not visible to the eye usually accounts for at least 5% of the total number of vascular diseases, and most of the patients have accidentally investigated the diagnosis.
This form of the disease mainly affects women of childbearing age. They suffer from pelvic varicose veins accompanied by symptoms resembling gynecological infections, a consequence of hormonal disorders and pathology of the genitourinary system. That is why the disease is left untreated for a long time and continues to progress, leading to serious complications, which can be life-threatening.
Causes and Risk Factors
Varicose veins of the pelvic organs in women, the doctor means a change in the structure of the vascular wall characteristic of other diseases - weakening, leading to dilation and formationthe inner "pockets" cause blood to build up. Cases of only the vessels of the affected pelvic organs are extremely rare. In about 80% of patients, along with this can manifestations of inguinal varicose veins, lower limb vessels.
The rate of varicose veins of the small pelvis is most pronounced in women. This is because anatomical and physiological features show a tendency to weaken the venous wall:
- hormonal fluctuations, including fluctuations related to the menstrual cycle and pregnancy;
- increased pressure in the small pelvis, which is characteristic of pregnancy;
- more active venous filling intervals with blood, including menstrual cycle, during pregnancy and during sex.
All of the above phenomena are the type of factors that stimulate varicose veins. And they are only found in women. The largest number of patients face varicose veins of the small pelvis during pregnancy, because of the simultaneous distribution of provoking factors. According to statistics, in men, varicose veins of the small pelvis 7 times less common than people of normal sex. Their set of triggers is more diverse:
- hypodynamia - long-term maintenance of low physical activity;
- increases physical activity, especially weightlifting;
- obesity;
- lack of dietary fiber;
- inflammatory processes in the organs of the genitourinary system;
- sexual dysfunction or refusal to have sex.
A genetic predisposition can also lead to the pathology of the tangles located inside the small pelvis. According to statistics, varicose veins of the perineum and pelvic organs are most often diagnosed in women with relatives with this disease. The first changes in them can be observed during adolescence during puberty.
The highest risk of developing inguinal varicose veins in women associated with pelvic vessels was observed in patients with venous pathology in other parts of the body. In this case, we are talking about congenital weakness of veins.
Typical Symptoms
In women, pelvic varicose veins are accompanied by severe, but nonspecific, symptoms. Most often, the manifestations of this disease are considered signs of gynecological pathologies. The main clinical symptoms of hip varicose veins in women related to the pelvic vessels are:
- Lower abdominal pain unrelated to the menstrual cycle. Their intensity depends on the stage of venous injury and the severity of the process. For the 1st degree of small pelvic varicose veins, mild cyclic pain, extending to the lower back is characteristic. In the later stages, pain sensations in the abdomen, perineum and lower back, are persistent and intense.
- Mucus discharge. The so-called leucorrhoea does not have an unpleasant odor, does not change color, which could be a sign of an infection. The discharge volume increases during the second phase of the cycle.
- Increases symptoms of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea. Even before the onset of menstruation, pain in women increases, and difficulty walking may develop. During menstruation, menstrual blood can become unbearable, spreading to the entire pelvic area, perineum, lower back, and even down the thighs.
Another hallmark of hip varicose veins in women is discomfort during sex. It is palpable in the vulva and vagina and is characterized by dull pain. Can be observed at the end of intercourse. In addition, the disease is accompanied by an increase in anxiety, irritability and mood swings.
As well as small pelvic varicose veins in men, the part of female patients with such a diagnosis are slowly losing interest in sex. Causes of dysfunction are both constant discomfort and decreased sex hormone production. In some cases, infertility can occur.
How to treat pelvic varicose veins?
When women experience symptoms of pelvic varicose veins, treatment should be done as soon as possible. The main direction of treatment is to restore vascular tone, strengthen the vessel walls and improve blood flow in the pelvic region.
For pelvic varicose veins, treatment is prescribed and monitored by a vein specialist. If varicose veins of the small pelvis are detected in a woman during pregnancy, the venomist and gynecologist will participate in the treatment.
Treatment of the disease requires an integrated approach. It includes several treatments:
- Cautious effect. Includes regular and long-term medication. With this method, you can cure pelvic varicose veins in the early stages, when the vessels are partially atony.
- Non-pharmacological therapy. Including adhering to daily routine, exercising. This method is considered adjunct, although it depends on reducing your risk of further progression of varicose veins.
- Surgical treatment. It is used when other methods are ineffective, as well as when the disease is detected at a later stage.
Drug therapy involves taking multiple classes of drugs that can not only eliminate unpleasant symptoms but also improve the condition of the veins:
- Venotonics, designed to improve venous flow;
- A drug that lowers the blood density, prescribed to prevent blood clots;
- Complex remedy for the relief of unpleasant symptoms and strengthening of blood vessels;
- Herbal preparation designed to reduce edema, eliminate inflammation;
- A complex of vitamins designed to strengthen venous walls.
Almost all venotonic drugs for the treatment of small pelvic varicose veins are not recommended during pregnancy. If symptoms progress, your doctor may prescribe a minimum dose from 12 weeks gestation.
Surgical varicose veins in the pelvic organs is considered the last resort. It is used in the absence of positive dynamics with prolonged use of the drug. The surgical treatments used may vary depending on the location of the vessels damaged by the disease:
- if there is only an internal carotid vein then the ovarian vein is constricted;
- with a combination of pelvic varicose veins with episiotomy, surgeons conduct constriction of the aorta;
- with a combination of small pelvic varicose veins and upper lower extremities, surgical resection is performed.
Before and after the intervention, women need medication treatment, wear compressed clothing and follow a strict weight loss diet.
Precautions
Preventing flare-ups and reducing your risk of progression is just as important as treatment. It involves exercising for pelvic varicose veins and following a special diet. With their help, you can:
- for weight loss, that is to reduce the load on blood vessels;
- improves blood flow;
- reduces the likelihood of blood clots forming;
- reduces the risk of other complications.
In the small pelvic varicose vein exercises you can include the classic "Birch" and "Leg Pull", "Cycling" and lift your toes from a standing position. Such loads will stimulate the flow of blood from the small pelvis, strengthening the pelvic floor muscles, helping to reduce venous swelling. Exercises should be done for people with small pelvic varicose varicose veins regularly, preferably daily, morning and night.
A typical diet for people with small pelvic varicose veins is to include foods rich in fiber and vitamins (mainly B, A, C, Omega-3 and Omega-6. ). Fiber is needed to improve bowel function and eliminate blockages in the abdominal and pelvic organs. Vitamins are needed to strengthen the veins walls, reducing blood viscosity. To meet their needs, the diet includes:
- whole grains - buckwheat, brown rice, millet, oats;
- vegetables and fruits, berries and fruits, citrus fruits;
- turkey or skinless chicken fillet;
- seafood, red and white fish, seaweed;
- Green tea, fresh juices, juices.
It is necessary to eat in small pieces, preferring boiled, stewed, grilled, and saladed dishes from fresh vegetables.
Complications
In contrast to varicose leg veins, the list of situations where small pelvic varicose veins are dangerous in women includes a large number of negative consequences. In addition to thrombosis, thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis and other proprietary vascular complications, the following may occur on the basis of the disease:
- chronic inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system;
- hormonal disorders;
- uterine bleeding due to dysfunction;
- infertile.
This is not the only danger of pelvic varicose veins. Since the disease is often more severe during pregnancy, there is a threat not only to the woman but to the fetus as well. The main complication of this form of varicose veins, which progresses on the background of pregnancy, is fetal growth retardation. Women with this diagnosis are more likely to have a low birth weight, underdeveloped lungs, etc. v.
When a baby is born with varicose veins in the groin, the vessel wall may rupture. It loses a lot of blood and can sometimes lead to sad consequences. To reduce the risk of such complications, doctors tend to appoint women with pelvic varicose veins cesarean section and then tighten the veins.