Varicose disease of the lower limbs is the most common disease of the peripheral veins, which consists in the violation of the outflow of blood from the venous system. According to various estimates, suffer from varicose veins, 25-40% of women and 10-15% of men of working age.
Varicose veins of the violations occur in the vessel wall, and depending on the form of the disease, can be within the skin or under the skin, more or less common, obvious or subtle. Sometimes the patients with varicose veins contains the "stars" - veins, or eating disorders (darkening of the skin of the legs, stamp, subcutaneous tissue, and other symptoms).
Risk factors
The main reasons for development of varicose veins are the following:
- Genetic predisposition. Disease can be pronounced in the "family" character, involving relatives in the descending line.
- Pregnancy.
- Mass.
- The work of the sports associated with heavy physical exertion, weight lifting, strong, and muscular tension. Prolonged static position– sitting or standing work).
- Hormonal drugs.
- Wearing tight clothing, and shoes.
- The diseases of the digestive system (prone to constipation).
- Diseases of the liver or gall bladder (hepatitis, bile stasis, etc.).
Complications of varicose veins
Varicose veins cause serious complications more severe than the disease itself:
Thrombophlebitis. Inflammation of a vein with the formation of the lumen of the thrombus (blood clot). A blood clot can cause pain and interfere with your walk while you work. Part of the thrombus or the entire thrombus can begin to go through the bloodstream, in the hands of the threatening blockage of the vessel and endangering the lives of.
Pull the trigger, the thrombosis formation, too:
- damage zones of varicose veins;
- overheating (bath or sauna);
- dehydration;
- high body temperature;
- alcohol poisoning;
- a long stay in a sitting position (in a car, or flying in an airplane).
Trophic ulcers. It may occur in areas of the varicose, bleeding, and very hard to cure.
The changes in the blood composition and increases the viscosity.
Thromboembolism. Obstruction of a blood clot in the heart arteries.
Symptoms, diagnosis
The external manifestation of varicose disease:
- the presence of the venous network of the foot;
- the translucence of thin blood vessels;
- swelling of the legs;
- cramps;
- fatigue, heavy legs, the legs at the end of the working day;
- leg pain after strong physical exertion;
- the presence of pronounced venous nodes;
- the education of trophic ulcers.
The main method of diagnosis of varicose veins duplex ultrasound examination of the vessels of the legs (ultrasound).
Treatment
Currently, there are two types of treatment of varicose veins:
- Conservative. The integrated approach of the varicose veins treatment are the following:
- purification of the body;
- treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the liver;
- outdoor use special creams, gels, to strengthen the walls of the blood vessels, improve flexibility and relieve the swelling, the fatigue in the legs;
- preparations in the form of capsules;
- hirudotherapy (use of leeches) is one of the most effective conservative treatment of varicose veins and the complications;
- physiotherapy;
- wearing compression stockings.
The course leadership the treatment of best the 1 month break with in 2-3 months.
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Surgical. Surgically removing the damaged part of the ship. Modern method of treatment for varicose veins. While the affected vein injected a special material, Vienna, and falls off to the general circulation – this will be disabled. The venous outflow is carried out in a supportive way. Cosmetic purposes can be used micro sclerotherapy of spider veins.
Prevention
- Wear only comfortable, loose clothes and shoes, not to tight and not pinched blood vessels.
- Avoid lifting or carrying heavy objects.
- If you have seated or standing work, it is important to warm-up and breaks.
- To slow down the progression of the disease can be, if you regularly wear compression stockings: special elastic stockings, socks, tights, stockings.
- Use elastic bandage to support the veins in the normal state.
- A useful exercise lifting legs: lying on your back – "Bicycle", "scissors", etc.
- The prevention of varicose useful walking, swimming, running, Biking, contrast shower of the legs.
- Watch out for the normal bowel function. Drink more water or eat enough fresh fruit and vegetables (400 g / day).